Euthanasia †Good Or Bad? Essay

Euthanasia is the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable, deadly and incredibly painful disease or illness. Who is to decide for others? The government? Each and every person has the right to decide about issues such as euthanasia for themselves, nobody else should be able to decide for them as they are the ones in need – what’s it to others? It’s their suffering, their life and their choice. Wouldn’t you like to leave earth with the least amount of pain possible? Of course you would†¦who wouldn’t? Along with euthanasia being able to put a stop to ones agonizing pains, it’s also able to decrease the amount of grief that they and their loved ones experience due to seeing each other go through a vast amount of distress. Many (religious and nonreligious) people believe that it is wrong to keep people alive beyond their natural life span (e.g. a life support machine) because only god has the power to decide when ones life ends. Jesus once said ‘Do Unto Others As You Would Have Them Do To You’ therefore if you were suffering really badly then you’d want your life to end the easiest and quickest way possible. Another thing that may seem more important than passing away with the least possible amount of physical and emotional pain, is respect and dignity. Euthanasia enables terminally ill people to pass on with a small, but priceless, amount of dignity and self-respect they have left in themselves. Who in the right world of mind would want to die with no respect from others? Euthanasia will help prevent that to thousands across Britain – not just the incurable patients but also the patients friends, family and even the doctors jobs would be less stressful. In March 2002 a 43 yr old woman, named Diane Pretty whom had Motor Neuron Disease made the headlines with her plea for her beloved husband to be allowed to assist her in suicide (as she only had a few unbearable months to live) with no fear of prosecution. At her hearing she spoke with the help of a voice synthesizer and said ‘I want my rights to have a death with dignity’, but her plea was rejected and she died later that year in May, in a hospice. What are people who want euthanasia like? Selfish? They’ll make their decision while thinking about nobody but themselves. They don’t even think about how their family and friends will take the news and how much they’ll miss them. If the person wanting euthanasia loved them dearly then they’d live on for them. Religious people have a point of view for euthanasia but they also have views against euthanasia to. Christians have hospices around Britain, which are specially for looking after terminally ill people while making sure that they don’t lose their dignity, Christianity believes euthanasia is wrong as they believe in the ‘Sanctity Of Life’ and it is against the commandment ‘Do Not Kill’. Jesus suffered severely and painfully on the cross, but he did not cut short his suffering – therefore it is not down to us to end out life. Other religions, including Christianity believe that accepting suffering may have a spiritual value for your soul, in heaven, rebirth or the afterlife. Terminally ill people include people whom are in comas and unconsciousness; so the persons loved ones may commit euthanasia against their wishes and the patient might recover from an illness against all odds as the doctor’s diagnosis has a chance of being wrong. Doctors’ jobs are to save peoples lives – well to at least try, not to kill them; this will result in Britain’s doctors being murderers and no one would like to go to a murderer for help.

Apple – the Best Global Brand

I. Introduction Hello everyone, my name is Tu? n from group 4: Bad apple. Though all of you seem quite tired after hearing a lot of presentations, we highly appreciate your attendance today. Firstly, let me introduce 6 members of our group: †¦. Have you ever heard about Apple. inc? I’m sure you all know about this as it’s so famous of high-tech products. So today, we're very pleased to be here to talk about a topic that we think very close to all of you : Apple- the best global brand. Which reason makes us talk about Apple it’s because Apple has a large market share and it is having lots of influence on technological revolution.We hope that through this talk, everyone will have a sufficient overview about Apple. Now, to make it easy for you to approach the presentation, let’s look over 4 main ideas in our talk. First, we’ll tell you about Apple’s history. After that, We’ll give you some information about its human resources. Next We’ll mention development strategies. And the final thing is achievements. We will represent it briefly so it's expected to take you about 30 minutes. We’d be glad to answer any questions at the end of our talk. Now let’s start with Nhung in section 1: Apple’s history. II. Body 1. historyAll of you must have known Apple and their products, right? But are you sure that you know Apple’s history? That bring me to my part of our presentation As you know, Apple Inc, originally Apple computer Inc is well – known as one of the most successful multinational companies. I’m sure that everyone here know it is engaged in designing, manufacturing. Apple is also famous for selling mobile communication, media services, personal computers, portable digital music players, computer software and a wide range of applications. Now, let’s take a look at the screen, I will show you a brief overview of Apple company.Dated  back to April 1, 1976, App le was established by three young men. Who are these geniuses? They are: Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne. With their great efforts and  talent, they  have  built  Apple  into  unbeatable empire in technology world. The  world  corporate  headquarters are located in the middle of Silicon Valley in  Cupertino  California where hundreds of breakthroughs have been appeared. Now, I ‘d like to draw your attention to the next part of my talk. All of you may know the official logo of the company, an apple with a bite. So unique, right?But what I want to tell you is its history. Apple‘s first logo, designed by Ron Wayne, depicts Sir  Isaac  Newton sitting under an apple tree. However, it was almost immediately replaced by Rob  Janoff‘s â€Å"rainbow apple†. The logo was designed with a bite so that it would not be confused  with  another fruit. The colored stripes were conceived to make the logo more accessible and to repres ent the fact that second generation product, Apple II, could generate graphic in color. Since 2001 till now,  a version of monochrome logo has been used. So, that’s enough for background information of Apple.You must be surprised when know that Apple  has 393 retail stores in fourteen countries as well as the online apple stores  and  iTunes  stores today. It is the largest publicly – traded corporation in the world by market capitalization with an estimate value of $626 billion as of September 2012. The apple market cap is larger than that of Google and Microsoft combined. So, what are the factors contributing widespread success of Apple? What makes it become one of the most famous and valuable brand names? Please keep paying attention, find out the answer and welcome to the next part of our presentation!!! . human resource Yes, one reason for the success of Apple is human resource. That brings me to my presentation, human resource of Apple. It’s abou t Apple’s leaders and employees At first, I would like to give you some information about Apple’s leaders. Such a successful company like Apple certainly has many wonderful leaders. Board of directors now is: 1. Tim Cook- theCEO 2. Eddy Cue- Senior Vice President  Internet Software and Services 3. Crag Federighi-Senior Vice President  Software Engineering 4. Jonathan Ive- Senior Vice President  Industrial Design 5.Bob Mansfield- Senior Vice President  Technologies 6. Peter Oppenheimer – Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 7. Philip W. Schiller – Senior Vice President Worldwide Marketing 8. Bruce Sewell – Senior Vice and General Counsel 9. Jeff Williams – Senior Vice President Operations Now I will bring to you some information about amazing CEO, Steve Jobs – a visionary leader of Apple. Steven Paul â€Å"Steve† Jobs ( February 24, 1995 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur. As you know, he is best known as the co-founder, chairman and CEO of Apple.Through Apple, he was widely recognized as a charismatic pioneer of the personal computer revolution and for his influential career in the computer and consumer electronics fields. Therefore, his death in 2011 is a big missing in the field high tech and entertainment, especially Apple. Now I will move to the next part, the employee. Since the formation  in 1977, Apple Computer, Inc. has employed over 75,000 people worldwide. The majority of Apple's employees have been located in the United States but Apple has substantial manufacturing, sales, marketing, and support organizations worldwide, and some engineering operations in Paris and Tokyo.Let’s consider Apple jobs in US in more details. The number of Apple jobs based in the U. S. has more than quadrupled over the past decade, from less than 10,000 employees in 2002 to more than 50,250 today. That number is more than doubles again when we include vendors that empl oy more than 50,000 people who directly support Apple. These jobs require people with a wide variety of skills — including construction workers, component manufacturers, retail specialists, tech support representatives, salespeople, marketers, and the best hardware and software engineers in the world.How can these geniuses make Apple as success as today? Let’s find out in the next part of our presentation. 3. development strategies As you know, Apple has so many cults following all around the world. So, why can they become such a fame, such a phenomenon? That brings me to my part of presentation, development strategies. Development strategies of Apple is divided into 2 parts: marketing and competitiveness. Let me bring to you some information about marketing first. The first subject of marketing is logo. Let me go back to the logo history of Apple. As you can see, the bitten logo is very unique.It’s so remarkable that when people see it, they will think about Ap ple. The logo was designed with a bite so that it would not be confused as another fruit. Very interesting, right? The second thing I want to mention is Apple’s slogans. Apple's first slogan, Byte into an Apple†, was coined in the late 1970s. From 1997–2002, the slogan â€Å"Think Different†used in advertising campaigns, and is still closely associated with Apple. Apple also has slogans for specific product lines  Ã¢â‚¬â€ for example, â€Å"iThink, therefore iMac† was used to promote the iMac,  and â€Å"Say hello to iPhone† has been used in iPhone advertisements.The third but not less important subject is advertising. Let’s face it. Apple is a master at marketing. The advertising campaigns of Apple are amazing, diversified, and varied. They use mass media so effectively and perfectly such as: magazines, ads on TV, short films†¦. Apple is also well known for their genius ads, for the amazing ideals that memorize people so muc h. Here are some unforgettable advertising campaigns: think different, get a Mac, 1984, what’s on your PowerBook? , Switch, iPod. Now let me move on to the next part of my presentation, competitiveness of Apple.In mobile technology, Apple is not the only company. How can Apple be so successful as present? I want to talk about the competitiveness of Apple with 4 aspects: The first one is the superior features of products. Besides the spectacular design, Apple products are all designed with the user first, they are such a simple products that have a minimal number of buttons and just do what they’re intended to. Apple tends to avoid overcomplicating devices it builds and tries to make things as simple for the user as possible. Not only Apple’s products are amazing, but Apple support is also unbelievable.It’s wonderful that you generally get really good community support, and when that fails, Apple support is amazing. You are totally able to get support with out any form of warranty and just walk into an Apple store and talk to a genius if you have a problem. The next aspect is Apple’s application. I want to talk about the iTunes. iTunes is a free application for Apple products. It lets you organize and play digital music and video on your computer. It can automatically download new music, apps, and book purchases across all your devices and computers. And it’s a store that has everything you need to be entertained.Anywhere. Anytime. Have you ever once want to own an Apple product? I guess the answer is yes. In today’s Network World’s, there are more than 70% people asked want to purchase Apple products without knowing anything about the product. Amazing, right? That’s the power of Apple. They have lots of cult following all over the world. Whenever Apple releases a new product, billions of people pay attention to it. Apple is very successful in making belief in customers, and their products totally ga in the loyalty from customers. So, you see, Apple has been a very successful company.That brings us to the next part of our presentation, achievement. Please keep on listening. 4. achievement I’m Ngoc and I will bring to you the final information about Apple. inc. The final issue I’d like to focus on is Apple’s achievements. We’ll have a look at this section through 2 aspects: Apple’s products and its position. Firstly, Apple’s remarkable success lies in the company’s ability to create truly innovative products with vast customer appeal. Their products can call attention from all over the world. The reason is that Apple has opted for constant product innovation, resulting in fanatic consumer loyalty.Let’s consider this in more details. The first product I want to mention is the Mac. It comes with the latest technology. From the outside in, a Mac is designed to be a better computer. The Mac is applied for education and business as it gives students and businessmen the power to create amazing projects, and even more. The second one is the Ipod. The Ipod has evolved to include various models targeting the wants of different users. It is the market leader in portable music players by a significant margin. And the Iphone – a convergence of an Internet-enabled smartphone and iPod.It has a remarkably slim design and ultrafast wireless. Besides, it owns all-new headphones designed to sound great and fit comfortably. Finally, I’d like to bring you the Ipad, Apple’s much-anticipated media tablet. It offers multi-touch interaction with multimedia formats. In terms of education, iPad takes learning to a whole new level. For businessmen, it gives realtime information, and improves efficiency of common office activities. Now, let move on to another aspect: Apple's global market position. With a market capitalization of more than $ 500bn, Apple is among the most valuable and profitable companies in the world.Apple has been building up a very big reputation and a very strong brand, I suppose that Apple is within the most expensive brands on earth. Everybody associates automatically Apple with innovation, design, quality, difference, etc. Apple has positioned itself to a certain type of customer, wealthy people, innovators, people with good jobs, good lifestyle, etc. To make it clearer, let’s have a look at this chart. The chart illustrates Apple’s quarterly revenue by product category in a period of almost 6 years from 2006 to 2012. In general, Apple’s revenue increased with some slight decrease over the period.The Iphone generates almost two-thirds of apple’s profit while IPads likely contributes about 10-15% of its profit. In addition, Macs and Others likely account for just under 30% of the company’s revenue. That’s some information about achievement of Apple. Inc. III. conclusion Unfortunately, we seem to have run out of time, so we will move on to the end of the presentation. But before we stop, let me go through our mains again. Our presentation can be divided into 4 parts. First, we talked about history of Apple Inc. Next, we showed you some information of human resources. then, development strategies was brought to you.And finally, we talked about achievements of Apple. I think human resources is the key issue for the success of company. Apple had a great CEO. Yes, I think all of you know him – You-Know-Who. He is the genius with amazing strategies that promote Apple and their products so much. We’d therefore recommend that we should have some experience with Apple’s products. With them, we can study, work or entertain everytime, everywhere. To sum up, I believe Apple is the best global brand of the world in mobile technology. OK, I think that’s everything I wanted to say. Thank you all for listening . Now, we just have time for a few questions.

Normalization Term Essay

In Montessori education, the term â€Å"normalization† has a specialized meaning. â€Å"Normal† does not refer to what is considered to be â€Å"typical† or â€Å"average† or even â€Å"usual†. â€Å"Normalization† does not refer to a process of being forced to conform. Instead, Maria Montessori used the terms â€Å"normal† and â€Å"normalization† to describe a unique process she observed in child development. Normalization refers to the focus, concentration and independence of the child, by his own choice. It means the child has acquired the internal freedom to initiate work, be independent, and adhere (by choice) to the rules of the environment. DR Maria Montessori’s main discovery was the reality of a child’s true nature WHICH IS the NORMALIZED CHILD. She described the process of normalization as the fundamental changes in children. Each small child undergoes an adaptation process when he or she first joins any new group of children. When a child just joins a new group until he undergoes adaptation stage, he or she is unable to act independently. It is after the child has normalized that he demonstrates qualities which proves his readiness for intellectual work. Normalization describes the process that occurs in the Montessori prepared environment. Dr Maria Montessori says the society groups children into three categories; those who are models of good, albeit passive behaviour; those whose character or behaviour needs to be corrected; and those who are thought to be superior to others–these type of children are always noisy, ‘exuberant’, their parents often think they are brilliant, even though others may not find them agreeable around them. Such behaviour may be commonly understood as negative (a timid child, a destructive child, etc.) or positive (a passive, quiet child). Both positive and negative deviations disappear once the child begins to concentrate on a piece of work freely chosen. Every child needs a stimulating environment to grow and without freedom of movement within this environment the child will be deviated. Dr Maria Montessori noticed that in most cases deviations are cause by adults. Deviation occurs when obstacles are placed in the child’s environment, when the child is denied harmonious work of his body and mind . Dr. Montessori classified deviations in two categories: deliberate (adult-fostered) and non-deliberate (those not fostered by adults). Deliberate deviations are caused by the lack of purposeful activities in the home and/or school environment. These children feel the need to be constantly entertained. They are continually bouncing between toys, TV, and computer time to alleviate boredom, but nothing holds their interest for very long. These children may also have the tendency to cling to a parent or older sibling well beyond the developmental plane of letting go. This is because their independence has been denied and they are unable to recognize themselves as a separate person. There are several deviations that are not fostered by adults and are often seen as â€Å"normal† stages of development. Dr. Montessori referred to these as deviations as fugues and barriers (The Secret of Childhood) and deviations that are demonstrated by the strong and the weak (The Absorbent Mind). Children often enter the Montessori environment ready to struggle or â€Å"fight†. In the Discovery of the Child, Dr. Montessori states â€Å"†¦every defect of character is due to some wrong treatment sustained by the child during his early years†. It is the duty of the Montessori teacher to remove any obstacles (including herself) which impede the development of the child. With careful observations, â€Å"earnest words†, spontaneous work, commitment to the Montessori philosophy and principles, the Montessori teacher is able to successfully redirect and refocus student behaviour. Dr Maria Montessori says that all these character or behaviour, good or bad disappears â€Å"as soon as the children becomes absorbed in a piece of  work that attracts him.† (Montessori, pg. 201). The child has no desire to be good or bad, he only wants to be busy working with something that brings him joy. Dr Montessori described the normalized child as  Ã¢â‚¬Å"one who is precociously intelligent, who has learned to overcome himself and to live peace and who prefers a disciplined task to futile idleness†(Maria Montessori, the secret of childhood). A pre-normalized child does not have the joy normalized children have . a pre- normalized child coming into the Montessori environment has a chaotic impression from surrounding environment, he has a low self-esteem. He would abandon his work without completion. He shows discipline only when an adult is around and it does not last. Normalization come about through â€Å"concentration† on a piece of work. When the child engages with the Montessori materials in total concentration for long periods of time, a transformation occurs. This transformation is  what Dr. Maria Montessori calls â€Å"normalization†. It is a process that occurs over a period of time, usually three or four years and it requires the child’s total engagement with the Montessori materials. The process of normalization is a journey. It begins when a child is introduced to activities like the practical life materials. The materials help the child to develop his motor skills , acquire a sense of order , and begin the process of extending their ability, and desire for concentrated work. For normalization to occur, child development must proceed from birth with the non-physical growth of the child’s mind , intellect, personality, temperament, spirit and soul. E.M Standing, author of Maria Montessori: Her Life and Work, lists these as the characteristics of â€Å"normalization†: love of order, love of work, spontaneous concentration, attachment to reality, love of silence and of working alone, sublimation of the possessive instinct, power to act from real choice, obedience, independence and initiative, spontaneous self-discipline, and joy. Montessori believed that these are truly â€Å"normal† characteristics of childhood, which emerge when children’s developmental needs are met. Maria Montessori observed that when children are allowed the freedom in an environment suited to their needs they blossom. She believes that if a child is placed in a carefully prepared environment, she would learn to live in harmony with her surroundings. It is up to the Montessori teacher to prepare that environment so that the child is free to develop her personality and her mind from the opportunities that are present to her in the prepared environment . The greatest sign of success for a teacher is to be able to say  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the children are working as if I do not exist† Maria Montessori. This according to Dr Maria Montessori is  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the most important single result of our whole work† (The Absorbent mind, 1949). Discipline Montessori tells us comes spontaneously from freedom. When given the freedom to pursue his own interest, he develops deep concentration and self-discipline. Work that is driven from within and not urged upon him by teachers or parents becomes the child’s passion. Normalization begins when the children freely choose their work, concentrate, and are working blissfully on their own as members of a respectful, peaceful community As a Montessorian, you strive to provide an enriched, stimulating environment which fosters order, coordination, concentration, and independence – an environment within which the child is an active explorer and learner and can develop self-direction and a true love of learning. Your role is to nurture the growth of the child cognitively, socially, emotionally, and physically. The goal of any Montessori teacher should be to recognize each child’s nature and allow it to grow. As the child chooses his work and becomes absorbed in meaningful work, he soon begins working with continued concentration and  inner satisfaction. It will take time and much effort on the part of the Directress (teacher) to ensure a suitable environment is prepared for the children. It is only through the prepared environment that the children will flourish and the process of normalization will begin. To help children overcome the pre-normalized stage and help them along the line of normalization, Dr M. Montessori stated that first, the Montessori teacher must practice patience rather anger. An adult who is impatient or angry cannot build confidence or independence in a child. She recommended interrupting the misbehaviour because it is an obstacle to development and to offer interesting and purposeful activities to re-channel that energy in a productive way. A Montessori teacher should encourage normalization by taking care to prepare the environment to ensure it is neat, orderly, enriched and beautiful. She should be diligent with re directing those who are having difficult time remaining focussed. A good Montessori teacher should have an enriched practical life area. Children who are very young (three years old or just under 3) or who are new to the Montessori classroom are said to be in the first stage of normalization. So, too, are children who habitually disturb the work and concentration of others. These children are not ready for the freedom and responsibility granted to others in the Montessori classroom. They are given limited choices and may be kept near a Montessori teacher, or are invited to work in a specific area of the Montessori classroom with a teacher checking on them frequently throughout the day. Children in the first stage enjoy the practical life skills area of the Montessori classroom. Here, children practice developing motor skills while increasing their level of concentration. Practical life activities are structured so that children are able to see the results of their work quickly. They take pride in their accomplishments and enjoy working. Learning care of self and care of the environment, will assist the children as they venture to other parts of the classroom. Montessori practical life activities are the framework to a normalized environment. She should work hard to guide children towards purposeful activities that appeal their individual needs and interest. Learning to re direct behaviour takes time and practice; it does not happen overnight. Dr Maria Montessori observed that â€Å"The  teacher†¦has many difficult functions†¦She must  acquire a precise knowledge of the techniques†¦for   dealing with the child.†   (Discovery of the Child) There may be a period of trial and error as you practice different techniques for guiding appropriate behaviour. Remember, the children need emotional care as well as physical care. The teacher who is patient yet firm and slow to anger will inspire goodness and confidence in the children. â€Å"†¦defects in character, disappear of themselves†¦One does not need to threaten or cajole, but only to ‘normalizing the conditions’ under which the child lives.† (Maria Montessori, Discovery of the Child) The Montessori teacher should never shout, never lose her temper, never smack, shake or push a child or even speak crossly. She should be pleasant and polite, firm without anger and be able to deal with a misdemeanour with sympathy and assistance rather than with punishment. All children should be shown respect, never humiliated or laughed at, and their remarks should be listened to seriously and answered thoughtfully and courteously. She should set the tone by emphasizing grace and courtesy in the Montessori community, be patient and confident with the notion that her Montessori environment will one day be a peaceful community. A community where children love order, love work, have spontaneous concentration and attachment to reality. A community where children love silence and working alone, where children have power to act from real choice, obedience, independent and initiative with spontaneous self-discipline and joy. BIBLIOGRAPHY Montessori, M., The Absorbent Mind, wilder publication,2009. Montessori, M., The Absorbent Mind, Theosophical press, 1964. Standing , E.M., Maria Montessori, Her Life and work, Plume new, 1998.

International Relations and Political Systems Essay

International Relations and Political Systems - Essay Example Africa has been currently viewed as a vital interest for the U.S. operations. Per se, this has been a greater milestone towards mitigation of terrorism activities. Africa has been a vital interest for the United States due to lack of enough security apparatus and resources by this continent to counter or mitigate terrorism activities. Terrorism sects such as the Boko-haram have currently sprouted in Africa thus with the United States support, Africa aims at fighting these activities to the later. The United States should, therefore, heighten its operations in Africa to boost security issues in Africa, which is in this globalization era emerging into security threat to the United States as well. United States operations in Africa are highly commendable as this is the only way in which world security can be entirely boosted. Drone strikes while putting into consideration humanity approach of war should not be conducted by the CIA or the Pentagon. These drone strikes and air strikes are not ethically right, and the legality of these war methods is highly questionable. Just like the use of nuclear warheads, drone strikes are unethical due to their destructive nature to the world peace. Whenever these strikes occur, world peace is destructed, innocent lives are lost, and the refugee influx becomes heavy through the world. The use of drone strikes may only be

The British Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The British Economy - Essay Example However, in order to facilitate these activities and to increase efficiencies, new concepts, theories and method have been developed. In this process, the accuracy and efficiency has enhanced but complexities have also increased significantly. International trade has a great economic importance as it helps to bring economic prosperity to a country. International trade activities include import and export which influences foreign and domestic exchanges. Besides, certain economic risks are also associated with international trade and hence, government always try to control international trade related activities (Seyoum, 2000, p.8). This paper will attempt to deal with foreign exchanges policy of UK. Earlier, the UK pound was used to be determined using the fixed exchange rate policy by comparing to other foreign currencies. However, due to certain shortcomings of fixed exchange rate policy, the UK Government has shifted to floating exchange rate policy. This paper will present explanat ions on fixed and floating rate policies and how the UK Government plays crucial role in controlling and deciding the foreign and domestic currency policies. ... The per capita GDP was nearly was $35,100 with real GDP growth rate of 1.6% in 2010.Regulatory authorities including the central bank (Bank of England) is responsible for managing and controlling the economic affairs. The inflation and unemployment in 2010 were 3.3% and 7.9%. During the financial crisis of 2007-2008, the UK’s economy was heavily affected. However, currently, the economy is recovering at higher speed as policy makers have taken necessary steps for improving the overall economic condition (CIA 2011). Nearly 75% and 23.8% of total GDP is contributed by the services sectors and Industries. The major services sectors include -financial, distribution, business, communication, hotels, transport etc. Currently, the country is suffering from high trade deficit due to higher import comparing to lower export. During 2009, net export of goods and services were recorded $351.3 billion; whereas, net imports of goods and services were higher i.e. $473.6 billion (U.S. Departm ent of State, 2010). As per the updated information, the value of 1 British pound is compared to other major foreign currency in the given below. Table 1: British Pound and Other Foreign Currency (Source: MSN Money, 2011) Fixed Exchange Rate System and Role of UK Government The foreign exchange rate is very important for controlling the major aspects of economy like import, expert, interest rate, inflation etc. The foreign currency market is exposed to different types of risk that affect the entire economic policy like inflation, interest and unemployment etc. There are two types of foreign currency policies i.e. fixed and floating. Earlier, UK Government used to

The Growth of California in the Late 19th Century and the Development Essay

The Growth of California in the Late 19th Century and the Development of a Unique State History - Essay Example Change came for California beginning in the middle of the 19th century. Previously owned by Mexico, then the Spanish as a consequence of Spanish advance towards the Pacific, in 1848 the land changed from the Spanish2, and in 1850 it was admitted to the Union of the United States of America3. Despite this, interest in the state by Americans was not immediate, and it took until near the end of the 19th century for the news of ‘merchant adventures’ to reach the ears of Americans, and for them to begin to develop a fascination with the state4. This change in statehood was of crucial importance, as under Spanish rule, colonists of California were restricted from trading with the Americans. However, as a consequence of the necessity of the trading, and the daring of the Americans, trade often happened despite the restrictions5. A second force that struck in the middle of the 19th century was the gold rush which began in 1849. This resulted in the rapid migration of many more i ndividuals that would normally occur in the course of settlement. Men, women and children travelled many hundreds of miles of dangerous and unknown terrain for the hope California and the promised riches offered. The gold was not the only driver, for California offered a large supply of game, natural resources and many possibilities6. In May of 1869, another monumental step was made; the Central Pacific Railway was completed. The tracks spanned the United States from the East to the West, linking the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans. This success meant large changes for California, oxen were no longer crossing the terrain carrying weary travelers, and the populations at the mines were dwindling. Instead the cities and agriculture began to grow substantially, with migrants coming to the state through the railroad7 (Cleland – 394-396). The final change which set California free to grow as a state and to form its own history and future was the rewrite of the constitution of 18798 .By this time the state was already growing rapidly, and was recognized among the ten most urbanized states within the United States, with its agricultural prowess growing at a fast rate9. The constitution developed in 1949 was powerful, and the constitutions of 21 other states were consulted when deciding how to word the constitution. It represented a complete rejection of all the legal systems that had occurred in California prior to it becoming a state10. The 1879 rewrite of the constitution built on this, becoming a strong document, and empowering California to move forward as a state. The period between the mid and the late 19th century was a period of turbulent change for California. Before it even joined the Union, the Spanish state had experienced an extreme influx of migrants from throughout the country as a consequence of the gold rush and the desire for a better land to settle. The changes incorporating the growing state into the new Union as well as the increase connecti on through the rail system, and the revised constitution gave California the space to grow and to develop as a state in its own right, forming its own unique history. Bibliography Cleland, R. G. A History of California: The American Period, The Macmillan company 1922). Pincetl, S. S. Transforming California: A Political History of Land

Answer the 5 questions of investment portfolio management Essay

Answer the 5 questions of investment portfolio management - Essay Example Present value of Dividends employs the cost of equity as the discount figure. Operating free cash flow is the cash residue after eliminating direct costs, working capital and capital expenditure needed for future growth, but before any payments to suppliers of capital. The firm’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the discount rate employed in determining operating free cash flow. Free cash flow to equity refers to operating free cash flow less payment to debt holders (Strong, 2008). The firm’s cost of equity is used as the discount rate. Present value of Cash flow allows a degree of flexibility for changes in sales and expenses, which implies varying rates of growth over time. However, present value of cashflow valuation approach has a weakness in that it is heavily dependent on growth rates of cash flows and the discount rate estimates. Relative valuation approach to security valuation offers information on how the market is presently valuing the stock. Compon ents measured using the relative valuation technique include the price earning ratio, price to sales ratio, price to book value and the price to cash flow. Unlike the present value of security valuation, relative valuation approach does not offer insights as to whether current valuations are appropriate. Thus, valuations could be too low or high at a certain point in time. As such, Relative valuation is suitable when there are comparable firms in terms of the risk, industry and size in the market. It is also appropriate when the aggregate market and the entity’s industry are not under valuation extreme. That is to mean that the collective market and the firm’s industry should not be acutely overvalued or undervalued (Strong, 2008). Both cash flow approach and relative valuation approach have several factors in common. One is that they are both affected by the investor’s required return on the stock since this return rate becomes a significant element of the disc ount rate. Secondly, the two valuation approaches are affected by the growth rate estimation employed in the valuation technique such as dividends, sales or earnings. Therefore, the two approaches may be considered as complementary. 2. The concepts of systematic and unsystematic risk, variance, covariance, standard deviation and beta as each of these relate to investment management. Unsystematic risks refer to the kind of uncertainty that is associated with the industry in which a company operates. Unsystematic risks are also referred to as specific risks or diversifiable risks for they are specific in each industry, and they are reduced through diversification. Unsystematic risks arise as a result of factors particular to an industry or the firm such product category, marketing, research and development and pricing. Systematic risks refer to the kind of uncertainty that is inherent in the whole market segment. They are also referred to as market risks or non-diversifiable risks bec ause they are inherent in the entire market and diversification do not result in their reduction. Systematic risks are such as war, inflation, change in taxation, global security perils and political instability that affect the functioning of firms in all industries. Total risk is a combination of systematic and unsystematic risks. Variance is the measure of volatility from the mean. Variance helps an investor to establish the risk involved in purchasing a certain security. A higher variance indicates greater variability and thus greater risk. A greater variance also

International Mass Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

International Mass Communications - Essay Example For instance, 30% of women have been victims of domestic violence while 38% of murders of women are committed by the intimate partner. Moreover, domestic violence has serious implications such depression, effects on mother and baby, as well as long-term health problems. Austerity Pain also show that domestic violence is a serious atrocity since the trauma suffered by the victims is similar to the cruelty experienced by the survivors of war, terrorism, and concentration camps. Additionally, Pain draws a connection between domestic violence and geography and politics by stating that it affects communities, states and various wider groups’ interest. Moreover, this type of violence is an act of exertion of excessive power by the superior partners in a romantic relationship. Additionally, it set within the context of globalization, colonization, gender, and ethnicity, which further creates a political connection. Domestic violence occurs within the family unit, but since the family is a central cog in the nation, it therefore, becomes a political agenda. Majority of partners who commit domestic violence use it to gain and maintain control over their spouses and use force to instil fear in their spouses. The most vulnerable partners to domestic violence are women and children in the family or relationships (Kenney, 2011). Since perpetrators of domestic violence seek to gain power, the victims remain fearful and vulnerable as they suffer in silence. Victims of domestic violence tend not to tell what they are going through. In fact, they are made to believe that it is their fault, and thus, they are unable to voice their horrific experiences. Pain gives an example of Jennifer who thought she was responsible for the violence. This was because her partner made her believe so, and the culture of the society too conditioned her to believe that she is the one at fault. Domestic violence according to the lecture is also linked with the

Application of Management Functions to a Case Study

Application of Management Functions to a - Case Study Example As a new manager, I would choose planning to guide me in the management of the hospital. In any business or an organization, entity that focuses on growth and offering quality services to their customers planning is essential (Kerzner, 2013). According to Kerzner, (2013) planning is one of the basic management functions; it involves the use of the available resources to ensure maximum production of goods or solving of peoples wants and needs. Planning ensures maximization of the resources available for production. Additionally, it ensures that the economies of scale are optimized to ensure growth of the organization. Since the merging brings together two entities with different philosophies and way of doing things, planning will be essential to adopt them into our ways of doing things. Additionally, we have to absorb some of the staff who was working in the small hospital. Absorbing the staff can only be possible through effective planning (Kerzner, 2013). Further, Johnson (2013) stated that planning ensures that our goals are clearly set to prevent any conflicts of interest in the newly merged hospital. I will ensure that the goals outlined clearly by writing and follow up to ensure, all the responsible people work hard to ensure the realization of the goals. Additionally, it can come up with a proposal by which the hospitals goals are pinned on all notice boards of the entire hospital. A goal also doubles up as the objectives of the hospital. Objectives are the laid down principles that act as a guide to every organization success. The success of any organization is measured through; the achievements are compared to the set goals. After the merger of the two hospitals, my main goals will include. To increase the number of staff, to start an expanded laboratory facility and to come up with a new registry that will be holding all the records of patients and their affiliates. Secondly, planning shall be essential in my efforts in setting down of

Midterm exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Midterm exam - Essay Example It is on this account that men will use their positions and wealth to influence vulnerable women to have sex with them, only to abandon them later once they have satisfied their lust regardless of the consequences of their actions, which may include unplanned pregnancies. As such, allowing abortion becomes a key element towards protecting poor women from becoming single parents without intent as well as reducing poverty and street crime. A child deserves to have a better life i.e. access to quality education, healthcare, good nutrition among other basic necessities such as shelter and clothing. Apparently, a poor mother, who cannot even sustain herself, has nothing to offer her child and this implies that families built on this sort of foundation eventually has a high probability of becoming a liability to the society and the government at large. In fact, these are the people who unfortunately end up in the streets begging for assistance as well as conducting heinous acts such as pro stitution and robbery. In this light, abortion enables one to exercise her right to decide on the best time to become a parent, when she has accumulated all the necessary courage and economic stability to sustain herself as well as her offspring (Heary 22). Most of the societies set considerably high moral standards, which prohibit fornication alongside other irresponsible sexual behaviors such as prostitution and adultery. For example, the church has always advocated for celibacy as a natural method of solving dilemmas such as HIV/AIDS among other sex related issues (Beckwith 108). This has influenced greatly the way the society perceives those unfortunate persons who intentionally or otherwise find themselves in these predicaments such as pregnancies out of wedlock. These people are discriminated against as they are perceived to be immoral and therefore, a shame to the society and the families which they come from. Some of the societies will even exclude them from their affairs fo r it will be apparent that they are a bad influence and bad examples to their age mates as well as the generation below them. To avoid all this, it would be of great significance to abort the child in order to maintain the level of standards expected by the society, by concealing sexual involvement. Abortion is also a way of controlling high population growth. In this case, it would be necessary to point out that I come from China, a country which is categorized as one with the highest population, of approximately 1.3 billion people, and which is expected to rise to approximately 1.6 billion people by the year 2025 (Beckwith 109). Due to this, the country has set up a one child policy, in order to slow down the rate of births. However, it has been noticed that there are those who fail to observe this policy, and goes ahead to have more than one child, especially in the rural areas, where analysts indicate that there is the culture whereby couples prefer the birth of boys as opposed to girls, mainly due to inheritance issues. In this context, if the first child is a girl, the parents cannot rest there for they will definitely have no heirs to their property and therefore, they have to bear more children until that time when a baby boy is born. It has been noted that such couples usually lie during census so as to protect themselves from facing the

Reasons (not) to get married Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reasons (not) to get married - Essay Example Therefore, overwhelming life commitment is a good reason not to get married. Considering the increasing financial challenges facing a large proportion of the global population, beginning, and supporting a family becomes a painstakingly difficult endeavor. Actually, success in supporting a family lies largely on financial stability. Therefore, it can be argued that individuals who are financially challenged should prefer not getting married (Kaetu-Smith 93). Some important people in the society such as music artists derive their identity from being single. In such cases, getting married may be seen as a compromise to the personal or iconic identity. Indeed, many music celebrities have opted to go it alone and perhaps only adopt a child when need arises. For instance, Bill Maher decided to remain single. Therefore, individuals seeking to retain their social identity can find this as a good reason not to get married. Another notable reason why not to get married is because of health issues. Whereas, marriage partners become particularly helpful in time of need, some health problems become an overwhelming burden to a partner. For instance, it is better for a person suffering from advanced stages of cancer or AIDS to remain

Biography of Kate Chopin Essay Example for Free

Biography of Kate Chopin Essay Kate Chopin was an American author of short stories and novels. Considered as one of the earliest feminist authors of the 20th century, she was one of the most-celebrated female writers of her time. She wrote several short stories including The Story of an Hour (1894), Euphrase (1850), Mrs. Mobrys Reason (1891), A Shameful Affair (1893), and many others. Her literature usually described her own life, reflecting the time she lived in and the life she led. When readers look into her literature, they do not only read what is on the text but also try to understand the context. When you look through her fiction, you might notice that the contexts include the life of the author, the time it was written and the social condition during the time it was set, among others. One of her short stories, The Story of an Hour, depicts a woman’s reactions to the news of her husband’s death, upon reading which I found connections between her life and the life of the main character of the short story. Background and early life After Kate Chopin’s father was killed in a train accident, she moved into a household of women in St. Louis. As a girl she was mentored mainly by women her mother, her grandmother, and her great grandmother. She also had deep bonds with her family members, the sisters who taught her at school, and with her life-long friend Kitty Garasche. A lot of the fiction Kate wrote was hugely influenced by the women she grew up with, especially regarding her views about feminism, and women. In 1870, at the age of 20, she settled in New Orleans. Oscar, her husband, bought a general store in Cloutierville, but in 1882 he died of malaria and left Kate with $12,000 in debt (approximately $229,360 in 2005 dollars). Kate Chopin was widowed at 32. She attempted to run the plantation and store alone but with no success. Two years later, she sold her Louisiana business. Her mother wanted her to move back to St. Louis. The following year, her mother died. After the loss of both her husband and the mother, Kate Chopin found herself drifting into the realms of depression. Her doctor felt that writing would be a good way for her to heal this developing depression. Her doctor understood that writing could serve as a focus for her energy as well as a source of income. She thus indulged herself and became successful, and found many of her work getting published. However, some of her writings were far too ahead of their times and she faced lack of acceptance for almost 12 years. Literary works with examples Kate Chopin commented on the importance of describing human existence in its subtle, complex, true meaning, stripped of the veil with which ethical and conventional standards have draped it† (1894). An interview on the PBS website for Kate Chopin says, I think she was much more interested in the excitement, the civilization that came in her circle of intellectual friends. That was freedom, the freedom to explore ideas† (PBS, 1999). Kate was neither a feminist nor a suffragist, she said so. She was nonetheless a woman who took women extremely seriously. She never doubted the womans ability to be strong. She came from a long line of strong women whom she loved and respected, owing to the affiliation with her great-grandmother, grandmother, and mother. She had strong intellectual women friends. Her lack of interest in feminism and suffrage did not have anything to do with a lack of confidence in women, nor did it have a lot to do with a lack of desire for freedom. She simply had a different understanding of freedom. She saw freedom as much more a matter of spirit, soul, and character than anything else, of living your life within the constraints that the world makes [or] your God offers you, because all of us do live within constraints. There is no indication that â€Å"she regretted her marriage, or regretted being a mother† (PBS, 1999). Early 1970s was the period thriving with womens rights movements, and Kate Chopin was one leading contributor to the said phenomenon. She contributed a lot through her writings about women, daytime dramas, the feminine mystique, women’s liberation, Mars vs. Venus, self-help and commentary on open marriages. You can see how Kate Chopin’s life event (train accident, A Widow, and Freedom for Women) influenced her fictions through The Story of an Hour. One of the main events in the story is a man’s loss, namely Mrs. Mallard’s husband. Josephine, Mrs. Mallard’s sister, brought the sad message that there was a railroad disaster and of those listed as killed included Brently Mallard, who was Mrs. Mallard’s husband. In Kate’s life, there had been a similar loss. That someone was her father who passed away in a railroad accident in 1855. Furthermore, Mrs. Mallard is in due course assumed to be a widow, but readers will soon find out that Mr. Mallard is alive. In Kate’s life, her father had widowed her mother. Both had experienced what it’s like to be a widow but of course, the response to the loss may entirely be different. In the end, before she learnt of Brently’s return from the accident, Louise died of heart disease of joy that kills. This could suggest that she had a moment of monstrous joy, which consumed her and overwhelmed her to death. Perhaps Chopin would just let Louise die instead of seeing Brently again, causing her to remain imprisoned and be confined to her husband’s hands. Lastly, in The Story of An Hour, Chopin made no suggestion to the readers that Mrs. Mallard was sorry for her husband’s loss. Instead, she uttered under her breath, â€Å"free, free, and free! † which suggests how happy Mrs. Mallard was to have lost her husband, because she now has freedom of herself. The joy she feels after regaining her freedom is something which consumes her. In Kate’s life, a lot of her work mentioned the rise in the rights of women. She experienced a period where there was a decline in those rights and women were deprived of public needs like education, the right to vote, the right to property and their children. Those events drove her to write the kind of feminist text she did instead of dedicating herself to other themes. As observed, literature can bring us to the world of the author. Literary works reflect the time, state of mind, and the life of the author. By understanding the connection between Kate Chopin and Mrs. Mallard in the short story, The Story of an Hour, it can be confirmed that the novel portrayed a reference to Kate Chopin’s life since most of the events (train accident, A Widow, and Freedom for Women) in Louise’s life are similar to, or at least greatly influenced by her own. References Chopin, K. (1894). One Story. PBS (Director). (1999). Kate Chopin: A Re-Awakening [Motion Picture].

Mixed-Ligands Complexes of L-Amino Acid and Ascorbic Acid

Mixed-Ligands Complexes of L-Amino Acid and Ascorbic Acid Electrochemical Studies of Mixed-Ligands Complexes of L-Amino acid and Ascorbic acid by Voltammetric Technique Meena* and O.D. Gupta ABSTRACT Studies of Pb(II) with amino acid L-Serine and Ascorbic acid have been carried out polarographically at pH =7.30 ±0.01,  µ=1.0M KNO3 at 25 °C.Pb(II) formed 1:1:1, 1:1:2 and 1:2:1 complexes with L-Serine and used as primary ligands and L- Ascorbic acid used as secondary ligand.. The values of stability constants (log varied from 2.25 to 11.45 confirm amino acids in combination with L-Ascorbic acid, their complexes could be used against Pb(II) toxicity. The stability constants of mixed ligand complexes have been evaluated by the method of Schaap and McMasters. For the comparison of the simple and mixed-ligands complexes, the mixing constants (Km) and stabilization constants (Ks) have been measured. The positive values of the mixing constants and stabilization constants show that the ternary complexes are more stable than the binary complexes. Keyword: Polarography, Stability Constant, Amino acids, Ascorbic acid, Voltammetric Technique. INTRODUCTION The L-amino acids and their compounds are used in biology, pharmacy, industry and laboratory reagent1-3. They control transamination, decarboxylation and metabolism process in human body. Mixed-ligands complexes of copper glycine with picolinic acid, quinaldinic acid, picolinic acid N-oxide, quinaldinic acid-N-oxide and with o-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol have been carried out by D Prakash and coworkers [4-5]. The study of ternary complexes of different metal ions with amino acids and bicarboxylic acids have been carried out by Chandel et al.[6-9] On the other hand Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is found naturally in a wide variety of plants and animals but not produced in human body and its only source is from diet10, L-Ascorbic acid is important drug used against cancer, scurvy and the risk of bronchitis or wheezing11-13. This drug helps the patient to strengthen the immune system. The person who suffered from AIDS has low concentration of Vitamin-C which is responsible for the form ation of various body components and organs but also keeps in order the immune system14-15. Its deficiency causes anemia, dental cavities and thyroid insufficiency. It forms chelate complexes with transition metal ions16 to produce a five membered ring with the enediol part of the molecule17. Pb(II) content is fixed in human body but whenever the concentration of Pb(II) increases, the human being suffers from severe diseases like cancer of the bladder, breast, intestine, leukemia system and sometimes death can also occur. Ascorbic acid is antioxidant alone and in combination with L-amino acids was found to be effective by increasing urinary elimination of lead. This beneficial role of Ascorbic acid was attributed to form complexes with lead18. Data suggest that some antioxidant can function as chelators and this dual benefit makes them strong candidates for treating lead poisioning19. The present study is related with the formation of binary and ternary complexes of Pb(II) with selected L-amino acids and Ascorbic acid by polarographic technique with the view that these drugs or metal complexes could be used against several severe diseases like cancer, AIDS and also metal toxicity. EXPERIMENTAL All polarograms were recorded on ELICO CL 375 DC Polarograph using a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as the reference electrode and a platinum (Pt) electrode as counter electrode. The capillary had the following characteristics m=1.96 mg/s, t = 4.10 sec/drop and h = 40 cm. The reagents Vitamin C and amino acids were of AR grade and were used as complexing agents. KCl was used as supporting electrolyte to maintain the ionic strength at 1M. Triton X-100 of 0.001% in the final solution has been used as maximum suppressor. The temperature was maintained constant at 303 K. A glass cell is used as electrolytic cell in which all the three electrodes are immersed in test solution. N2 is used to remove the dissolved oxygen. Then increasing voltage was applied to record the current and with the help of the plot between current-voltage (polarogram) the value of E1/2 is calculated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Simple complex systems Before the studies of mixed-ligand, complexes, the formation constants of the complexes of lead with Vitamin C and lead with amino acid L-Serine and were determined by the method of DeFord and Hume25. The results are in good agreement with the literature. The values of formation constants of simple systems are presented in Table 1. The conditions corresponded as closely as possible to those for the mixed system. The half-wave potential of Pb(II) for each series ranged between -0.389 and -0.391 volt v/s SCE. Table 1: Stability constants for simple system Systems log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢1 log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢2 log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢3 Pb(II)-VitaminC 2.25 3.18 Pb(II)-L-Serine 4.59 7.88 10.99 Mixed-Ligands Complex System In all the systems, solution containing 2.5 x 10-3 M Pb(II), 1M KC1 and 0.001% Triton X-100 was used. The concentration of weaker ligand (Vitamin C) was kept constant (0.001M and 0.01M) while varying the concentration of strong ligand (amino acids) in each case. In each case, a single well-defined wave was obtained. The plots of Ede v/s log id-i were linear with a slope of 30 ±2mV, showing that the two electrons reduction was reversible. The direct proportionality of the diffusion current to the mercury column indicated that the reduction was entirely diffusion controlled. A shift in half-wave potential to more negative side with the increase in amino acid concentration was observed. This shift in half-wave potential is greater in the presence of the weaker ligand than its absence. It signified mixed-ligands complex formation. The extended Shaap and McMasters26 treatment was applied and Ledens27 graphical extrapolation method to calculate the values of A, B, C and D. Data of calculation are given in table 2. Table 2: Values of A, B, C and D for Pb(11)-Ascorbic acid- Amino acids systems (Ascorbic acid concentration = 0.01M(fixed) System A B C D Pb(II)-Vitamin C-L-Serine 1.32 5.11 9.56 11.22 Table 3: Values of A, B, C and D for Pb(II)-Ascorbic acid Amino acids systems (Ascorbic acid concentration = 0.001M(fixed) System A B C D Pb(II)-Vitamin C-L-Serine 1.30 4.61 9.56 11.22 The stability constants à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢11 and à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢12 were evaluated from the two values of B. From the values of C two values of à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢21 were obtained which are in good agreement with each other. à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢30 is almost equal to D. The results are recorded in table 4 and the results are summarized in the form of schemes 1 and 2 where the numerical values indicate the log of the equilibrium constants. Table 4: Formation Constants of Mixed-Ligands Systems Systems log ÃŽ ²11 log ÃŽ ²12 log ÃŽ ²21 Pb(II)-Vitamin C-L-Serine 6.23 8.88 11.56 It has been observed that as the size of amino acids increased the stability of its complexes decreased20. The stability of L-amino acids complex also depends upon the chelate ring formation and basicities of ligands21. In case of L-serine and L-threonine, the stability of the latter is less than the L-serine complex owing to the fact that electron withdrawing OH group is nearer to L-threoninate complex than L-serinate complex, causing greater repulsive forces between metal and Off group in L ­-threonine complexes than L-serine complexes22. The same is evident from Pka values of L-amino acids23. In case of Vitamin-C, oxygen of enediol group may take part in bond formation with Pb(II), formed a five membered ring24. It is clear from the values of stability constant of the complexes that Vitamin-C and L-amino acids alone or in combination could be used to reduce the toxicity of Pb(II) in-vivo. One also has to consider the quantity of drugs that should not complex to the other essenti al metals present in-vivo and the same could be excreted easily from the body. On the other hand, the person who suffers from AIDS has low concentration of Vitamin-C, therefore his resistance can be increased by ascorbic acid therapy. The mixed ligands complex formation may also be explained with the help of schemes 1. The tendency to add X (X= amino acids) to PbX and PbY (Y=Vitamin C) can be compared. The logarithm values of stability constants of the above complexes are 3.29 and 3.98 for Pb ­-VitaminC-L-Serine. The tendency to add Y to PbX and PbY can also be compared. The log K values are (1.64, 0.93) and (1.47, 0.93) for Pb(II)-Vitamin C-L-Serine. This indicates that the addition of Vitamin C is preferred to Pb(amino acids) as compared to Pb(Vitamin C). The log K values for the addition of X to Pb[XY] and Pb[Y]2 are (5.33, 5.70) and (5.47, 5.58). This indicates that the mixed ligand complexation is favoured. The log K values for the addition of Y to Pb[XY] and Pb[X]2 are (2.65, 3.68) and (2.78, 3.65) for Pb(II)-Vitamin C-L-Serine and. This indicates that addition of VitaminC is preferred to Pb[X]2 over Pb[XY]. For comparing the stabilities of simple and mixed ligand complexes, it is convenient to measure the mixing constants. Km = and the stabilization constants. log Ks = log Km log2 The log Km values are 0.7 and o.49 and log Ks values are 0.398 and 0.188 for Pb(II)-Vitamin C-L-Serine and Pb(II)-Vitamin C-L-Threonine systems respectively. The positive values of mixing and stabilization constants show that the ternary complexes are more stable than the binary complexes. The tendency to form mixed-lingds complexes in solution could be expressed quantitatively in other approach compares the difference in stability (à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K), which is the result from the substraction of two constants and must therefore, be a constant. This corresponds to: à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K = Since more coordination positions are available for the bonding of the ligand [A] to a given multivalent metal ion,than for the second ligand [B]. > Usually holds i.e. one expects to observe negative values for à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K. Another more satisfactory, manner is to determine statistical values for à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K. The statistical values for regular octahedron (oh) is 5/12 and à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾log Koh = -0.4. for a squar planer(sp), the value of à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K = -0.6 and for the distorted octahedron (oh), the statistical values i.e. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K = lie between -0.9 to -0.3. The à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K values can be obtained using the following equations: à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K11=log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢11-( log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢10 +log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢01 ) à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K12=log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢12-( log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢10 +log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢02 ) à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K21=log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢21-(log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢20 +log à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢01 ) The observed values of à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K11, à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K12 and à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K21 are -0.61, 1.11 and 1.430 for Pb(II)-Vitamin C-L-Serine. The à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ log K values are higher than statistical values, which again prove that the ternary complexes are more stable than expected from statistical reason. ACTNOWLEDGEMENT The authors are thankful to the Head, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur for providing facilities to carry out this research. REFERENCES + Chemistry Department, SKIT, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India-302025 Brosnan J, Nutr. J (2000) 130: 988S. Pisarewicz K, Mora D, Pflueger F, Fields G, Mari F, (2005) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127: 6207. Wu G, Fang Y, Yang S, Lupton J, Turner N (2004) Nutr. J 134: 489. Prakash D, Shafyat M, Jamal A, Gupta AK (2005) Oriental J Chem 21:2. Prakash D, Safayat M, Jamal A, Gupta A K (2005) Oriental J Chem 21:3. Malhotra V, Chandel C P S, (2006) J Ultra Scientist Phy-Sci 18(2): 203-214. Jangid R K, Chandel C P S (2006) Ultra Chemist 2(2): 113-126. Verma M K, Chandel C P S, (2005) Oriental J Chem 21(1): 9-20. Malhotra V and Chandel C P S, (2006) Bull Electrochem 22: 301. Davies M B, Partridge D A and Austine J , Vitamin C: Its Chemistry and Biochemistry, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. (1991) Levine M, Rumsey S C, Wang Y, Park J B, Daruala R (2000) Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Human Nutrition, Philadelphia, W B Saunders, p.541. Roomi M W, Ivanov V, Kalinovsky T, Niedzwiecki A, Rath M (2004) J Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 115. Martha H, Stipanuk W B (2000) Biochemical and physiological Aspects of Human Nutrition, Sounders Company. Fukuda S, (2005) J Curr Med Chem 12:2765. Harakeh S, Jariwalla R (1997)AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 13:237. Davies M B (1992) Polyhedron 11:285-321. Hughes D L (1973) J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 2711. Dhawan M, Kachru D N, Tondon S K, (1998) Arch Toxicol 62: 301-304. Gurer H, Ercal N (2000) Free radical Biol Med 29: 927-945. Kapoor R C, Agarawal B S Principles of polarography (1991) Wiley Eastern Ltd New Delhi 71. Dodke R, Khan F (1993) J Indian Chem Soc 70: 15. Vajhallya S, Khan F (1999) J Indian Chem Soc 76:294. Mrudula Rao B V, Swamy S J, Lingaish P (1985) Indian J Chem 24 : 887. Allen R N, Shukla M K, Leszczynski J (2006) Int J Quant Chem 106:2366. DeFord D, Hume D N (1951) J Am Chem Soc 73:5812. Schaap W B, Mc Master D L (1961) J Am Chem Soc 83: 4699. Lenden I (1941) J Phys Chem 188:160.

Creatio ex Capacitas and Creatio Continua: When having Power just isnt Enough :: Essays Papers

Creatio ex Capacitas and Creatio Continua: When having Power just isn't Enough In the beginning when God created the heavens and the earth, the earth was a formless void and darkness covered the face of the deep . . . Then God said, "Let there be light;" and there was light. ~ (Genesis 1:1-2a; 3 NRSV). The biblical passage above has been the subject of much debate in light of not only how God created, but also as to out of what He created. There are two main camps in this debate: those who affirm creatio ex nihilo and those who affirm panentheism. Both speak of God's omnipotent creativity expressed through the generation of new modes of existence. Creatio ex nihilo advocates claim that God did this 'out of nothing;' creating all things out of absolutely nothing. Panentheists purport that God created by influencing a realm of 'non-divine actualities.' These non-divine actualities are comprised of 'moments of experience,' which have always been, and these actualities present the options from which the next moments are created. Panentheists believe a realm of actualities has always existed alongside God, although the individual actualities themselves are neither eternal nor do possess any divine power in, or of, themselves. Those on both sides of this debate profess God to be a sovereign, holy, omnipresent, and a personal being who interacts with the loving intent of bringing about the most possible good for all creation. The discrepancy in the debate is found in the different views of how this goal is carried out. As a result, some of the attributes of God are conceived differently: in particular God's love and omnipotence, and free creaturely response to God. Those professing creation ex nihilo come under fire by those who ask the question "what is nothing?" This question cannot be ignored, because, while it endows God with unlimited power over creation by showing Him to be the sole actor in creating, creatio ex nihilo seems paradoxical. Or as Peter Van Inwgen says, To say that there is nothing is to say that there isn't anything, not even vast emptiness. If there were a vast emptiness, there would be no material object - no atoms or elementary particles or anything made of them - but there would nevertheless be something: the vast emptiness (Qtd. "Creation Out of Nothing" Lodahl. 2). Critics criticize panentheists for affirming the existence of a 'realm of non-divine actualities. Creatio ex Capacitas and Creatio Continua: When having Power just isn't Enough :: Essays Papers Creatio ex Capacitas and Creatio Continua: When having Power just isn't Enough In the beginning when God created the heavens and the earth, the earth was a formless void and darkness covered the face of the deep . . . Then God said, "Let there be light;" and there was light. ~ (Genesis 1:1-2a; 3 NRSV). The biblical passage above has been the subject of much debate in light of not only how God created, but also as to out of what He created. There are two main camps in this debate: those who affirm creatio ex nihilo and those who affirm panentheism. Both speak of God's omnipotent creativity expressed through the generation of new modes of existence. Creatio ex nihilo advocates claim that God did this 'out of nothing;' creating all things out of absolutely nothing. Panentheists purport that God created by influencing a realm of 'non-divine actualities.' These non-divine actualities are comprised of 'moments of experience,' which have always been, and these actualities present the options from which the next moments are created. Panentheists believe a realm of actualities has always existed alongside God, although the individual actualities themselves are neither eternal nor do possess any divine power in, or of, themselves. Those on both sides of this debate profess God to be a sovereign, holy, omnipresent, and a personal being who interacts with the loving intent of bringing about the most possible good for all creation. The discrepancy in the debate is found in the different views of how this goal is carried out. As a result, some of the attributes of God are conceived differently: in particular God's love and omnipotence, and free creaturely response to God. Those professing creation ex nihilo come under fire by those who ask the question "what is nothing?" This question cannot be ignored, because, while it endows God with unlimited power over creation by showing Him to be the sole actor in creating, creatio ex nihilo seems paradoxical. Or as Peter Van Inwgen says, To say that there is nothing is to say that there isn't anything, not even vast emptiness. If there were a vast emptiness, there would be no material object - no atoms or elementary particles or anything made of them - but there would nevertheless be something: the vast emptiness (Qtd. "Creation Out of Nothing" Lodahl. 2). Critics criticize panentheists for affirming the existence of a 'realm of non-divine actualities.

Was Mozart the Greatest Composer Ever? :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Was Mozart the Greatest Composer in History?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart has to be the greatest composer to ever live. He and his sister were both considered very gifted child prodigies. He started composing music when he was four and he started to write minuets by the age of five. When Mozart was around eight or nine, he started to write symphonies. Mozart also played quite a few instruments. When he was three years old he was already playing the harpsichord. He also was very talented on the keyboard and played the violin very well. Mozart was so naturally gifted when it came to music that when he was blindfolded, he was able to recognize the played notes. This was said that he had â€Å"perfect pitch.† Another reason why he has to be the greatest composer is that he had the ability to write all the notes of the Miserere score from memory. His first opera was performed when he was eleven years old. It would only take him about two weeks to write an entire symphony or concerto. How many composers can do a n entire piece in such little amount of time? He wrote twenty seven piano concerti, which he also invented. Mozart was never a very healthy person, in fact, he was suffering some sort of illness. I believe that this makes him even more admirable because doing anything when your health isn’t good just makes things even more difficult. One time Mozart gave a series of twenty two piano concerts and conducted a few of them in a five week period. After his father died he became very depressed and his music turned dark and depressing as well. This makes him great because he would write from his heart and that showed in his music. He wouldn’t let a setback like his fathers death keep him from doing what he loves which is composing music. Mozart never stuck to one genre, he wrote many different types of music such as concertos, symphonies, and German style operas to name a few.

Essay --

Ethics in School Psychology School psychologists are presented with making ethical decisions on a daily basis due to the delicate balance between the needs of schools, parents, and children. What may be in the best interest of the child may conflict with the desires of the parents or may require services the school would rather ignore. Ethical dilemmas become increasingly complicated when state or federal laws conflict with ethical principles that could result in legal consequences. Ethical issues are a critical component for both the training and professional guidelines for the American Psychological Association (APA) and the National Association of School Psychology (Nagle, 1987). The current paper will provide an overview of the four overarching NASP ethical principles alongside examples of common ethical dilemmas faced by school psychologists. Respecting the Dignity and Rights of All Persons The first principle outlined by NASP (2010) states that: School psychologists engage only in professional practices that maintain the dignity of all individuals. In their words and actions, school psychologists demonstrate respect for the autonomy of persons and their right to self-determination, respect for privacy, and a commitment to just and fair treatment of all persons. (p. 302). Additional principles subsumed under this overarching principle include: (a) autonomy and self-determination; (b) privacy and confidentiality; (c) fairness and justice. Autonomy and self-determination respects each individual’s right to make decisions that affect him or herself including consent and assent processes. There are ethical exceptions to parental consent, such as consultation services to a teacher regarding interventions with a child tha... ...e of school psychologists’ responsibilities demands an effective strategy to approach ethical dilemmas. Conclusion Ethical considerations are an integral component to every school psychologists’ job. NASP (2010) outlines four overarching ethical principles including: (a) respecting the dignity and rights of all persons; (b) professional competence and responsibility; (c) honesty and integrity in professional relationships; (d) responsibility to schools, families, communities, the profession, and society. These principles elucidate the complex nature of possible ethical dilemmas that can arise across the diverse range of school psychologists’ roles. A thorough knowledge of ethics and law make up the foundation for providing effective services to students, families, and schools. Without an understanding of ethics, school psychologists could do more harm than good.

A New Approach to Stadium Experience: the Dynamics of the Sensoryscape, Social Interaction, and Sense of Home Essay

Abtract The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable, valid instrument of the sensory experiences of sport attendees. It identified 22-items to represent five dimensions of the sensoryscape; they are sight, smell, sound, taste and touch. The authors used CFA ( confirmatory factor analysis) and SEM ( Structural Equation Model ) to confirm the reliable of Sensoryscape. The sensoryscape, social interaction, and sense of home each had a positive, direct impact on fans’ satisfaction for both major (N = 259) and minor {N= 218) league venues; and they also had correlation among each other. Satisfaction with the stadium experience had a positive and direct impact on intention to revisit. Implications for sport marketing practice and future research are discussed. 1.0 Introduction The importance of the experience economy has been widely recognized in consumer research. According to Holbrook & Hirschman (1982), experiences have always been at the heart of the entertainment business including in sporting events. When fans have good experiences in the facility, there is greater inducement to their repeat attendance Many studies have begun to pay close attention to consumers’ experiences via their five senses: sight, sound, touch, smell and taste (Gobà ©, 2001, et al). A higher quality or more powerful sensory experience has been shown to influence the extent of the purchase and, when positive, result in a higher level of customer loyalty. Anderson and Sullivan (1993), consumer satisfaction is one of the most important predictors of consumer retention. Traditionally, product or service quality is one of the most powerful determinants of customer satisfaction and behavioral, however, more recent work has focused on sustaining the brand and customer experien ce. On the other hand, sport marketing researchers have primarily focused on two types of antecedents that lead to customer satisfaction and behavioral intention: * Core product * Customer service According to Westerbeek and Shilbury (1999), in the professional sports industry, a stadium is an important venue in which sport consumers directly consume and experience sports, and social interaction is a key element that affects spectators’ stadium experience. Sigmon et al, 2002, researched that fans also report experiencing a feeling of home in their home stadium, to some fans, a professional team’s stadium is not just a facility; it is their psychology home. The purpose of this study is to provide a more complete understanding of the sensual, social, and psychological aspects of the sport consumption experience within the stadium. Specifically, the purpose of this research is to develop a reliable, valid scale of the sensoryscape. 2.0 Theoretical Background and Hypotheses 2.1 Sensory Experience Consumers’ sensory experiences play an important role in their perceptions of the value companies provide; however, the sensory experience alone may not guarantee that consumers remember the experience A stadium can be considered a â€Å"sensoryscapeâ€Å" which provides a memorable experience by appealing to all five senses. Gaffney and Bale (2004) suggested five sensual factors that affect stadium experiences: sight, sound, touch, smell, taste. Gaffney and Bale (2004) suggested five sensual factors that affect stadium experiences. It is likely that more positive experiences of the sensoryscape lead to higher levels of satisfaction with the stadium experience. Based on the literature we suggest the following hypothesis: H1: More positive experiences of the sensoryscape will lead to higher levels of satisfaction with the stadium experience. 2.2 Social Interaction The effect of social interaction on stadium satisfaction may be more direct and salient. Further, there is some evidence that social interaction can stimulate communisis, but this effect has been shown only in the case of mega-events. It is not clear whether social interaction can and does evince the same experience at smaller, more regularly occurring events. Recognizing the lack of knowledge regarding the effect of social interaction, the following hypothesis is proposed: H2: Social interaction will have a positive and direct impact on stadium experience satisfaction. 2.3 Sense of Home According to Crawford (2004), professional sport teams have a significant link to the specific place where they are located. Further, at the societal level, the sport venue becomes an â€Å"emblem of locality† that represents a town and its residents Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that when fan’s experience their team’s stadium as home, their overall stadium satisfaction with the venue will increase. H3: A sense of home will have a positive and direct impact on stadium experience satisfaction. 2.4 Relationship Among Sensoryscape, Social Interaction, and Sense of Home Research clearly suggests that the sensoryscape, social interaction, and sense of home should each affect fan’s satisfaction with the stadium; however, There are grounds for expecting the three factors to be related with one another. It is reasonable to expect that the sensory scape may contribute to spectators’ experience of the stadium as home. On the other hand, those who seek to feel a sense of home are more likely to be receptive to the sensory scape. H4: Sensoryscape, social interaction, and sense of home will be correlated with one another. 2.5 Stadium Satisfaction and Repeat Attendance. Anderson & Sullivan (1993) and Oliver (1980), consumer satisfaction bas been the subject of much attention in the context of spectator sports, because of its influence on consumers’ behavioral intentions and customer retention. Satisfied consumers tend to report stronger repurchase intentions, and are more likely to recommend the products or services purchased to others This study focuses on consumers’ stadium experience satisfaction rather than their game satisfaction. Stadium satisfaction will be defined as a sport consumer’s overall evaluation and associated emotions based on all experiences within the stadium. H5: Stadium experience satisfaction will have a positive and direct impact on future intention to revisit. 3.0 Methodology Minor context: Data were collected in person for the minor league context, the sampling for the Round Rock Express. A total of 218 completed. Males were 59%, age from 11 to 85 years (M = 40.7). Most respondents were White (71%) followed by Hispanic (16%). Major context: Data for the Houston Astros were collected via an online survey.A total of 259 completed responses were obtained for the study. Males were 64%, and age ranged from 15 to 77 years (M= 34.6). most respondents were White (67%) followed by Hispanic (21%). 3.1 Measurement Spectators rated each item on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). The questionnaire for the scale validation study included five measures: the sensoryscape, social interaction, sense of home, consumer satisfaction at the stadium, and repeat attendance. Total items are 33. 3.2 Data Analysis Structural equation models (SEM) using AMOS were conducted separately for each context (i.e., major league and minor league) to test the hypothesized relationships among the sensoryscape, social interaction, sense of home, stadium experience satisfaction, and intention to revisit in both major and minor league settings. 4.0 Result 4.1 Major League Context The structural model indicated that the sensoryscape, social interaction, and sense of home explained 71.1% of the variance in satisfaction with the Houston Astros’ stadium, and that these four factors predicted 45.1% of the variance in spectators’ intention to retum to the stadium. Correlations among the sensoryscape, social interaction, and sense of home were significant: 0.35 < r < 0.49, p < . H4 was supported. The four paths were all significant: 0.22 < g < 0.68,, P < 0.01. Therefore, H1, H2, H3, and H5 in the major league setting were supported, 4.2 Minor League Context The structural model indicated that the sensoryscape, social interaction, and sense of home explained 70.5% of the variance in satisfaction with the Round Rock Express stadium experience; these four factors predicted 55% of the variance in spectators‘ intention to retum to the Round Rock Express’ stadium. The correlations among the sensoryscape, social interaction, and sense of home were significant: 0.19 < r < 0.44, p < 0.01 H4 was supported. All the four paths between latent variables were significant: 0.17 < g < 0.15, p < 0.01. H1, H2, H3, and were supported. 5.0 Discussion The Sensoryscape scale , including 22-item, five-dimension scale is a reliable and valid instrument to measure fans’ stadium experience. The most significant factor affecting spectators‘ overall stadium satisfaction was the sensoryscape for both major and minor league contexts. Although the magnitude of the effect was much higher in the minor league context than in the major league context, social interaction had a positive impact on stadium satisfaction Spectators’ satisfaction is positively and meaningfully impacted by sense of home with the stadium experience in both major and minor-league context. This also offers suggestions for enhancing fans’ sense of the stadium as home: * First, marketers should find more ways for spectators to come into contact with the stadium and images of the stadium. * Further, sport teams can host more fantasy camps where fantasy camp participants can play with or have lessons from the team’s players. It found that the correlation between the sensoryscape and social interaction in both contexts was similar in its magnitude, the correlation between social interaction and sense of home was much higher in the minor league context than in major league context, and the correlation between sensoryscape and sense of home was much higher in major league context than in major league context. 6.0 Limitations Future research should explore other ways in which fans use their five senses to experience the stadium, to continue to improve the Sensoryscape scale and seek to confirm the proposed model with data collected from major league sites, or to compare fans’ responses to the same facility via on-line and on-site methods. To this end, other contexts could be explored (e.g., college sport, individual sport settings such as golf and tennis, road races) 7.0 Conclusion The overall sensoryscape construct explained the most variance in spectators’ satisfaction with the stadium experience. This research suggests a new direction for experience marketing in sport that leverages each of the five senses. By cultivating the sensoryscape, facilitating social interaction, and providing a sense of home, sport consumers can have a more enjoyable and memorable game experience, regardless of the game outcome.

Recrystallization Lab Essay

Recrystallization is a manner used for r befying unassailable native compounds. It is the most efficient regularity to purify and remove impurities from a solid to let a crystal to grow. The method is when the solute in a hot solvent yields to a solution. Once the solvent cools, the solution is hard with respect to the solute, which is when it recrystallizes. A crystal is the residuum result of the method and it is a mavin pure substance with the impurities being excluded from it. The recrystallization method can be broken drop into seven steps 1) Choosing the solvent, 2) Dissolving the solute, 3) Decolorizing the Solution, 4) Filtering hang solids, 5) Recrystallizing the solute, 6) Collecting and washing the crystals, and 7) Drying the product. Activated charcoal gray is used in Recrystallization to absorb the impurities that are in the solution.Experimental Section1) Recrystallization of Phthalic erosive2) Recrystallization of benzoic sulphurous3) Recrystallization o f NaphthaleneTable of Chemicals resolve flushBoiling Point molar(a) pluralityColorPhthalic window pane230CDecomposes166.13 g/moleWhiteBenzoic Acid122.4C249.2C122.12 g/moleNot availableNaphthalene80.2C218C128.19 g/mole sin littlenessResultsPhthalic AcidBenzoic AcidNaphthaleneMass.143 g.126g (w/ come in water).098g (w/ water).439gPercent convalescence71.5% (0.143g/0.2g)252% (.0126/0.05g)196% (0.098g/0.05g)43.9% (0.439g/1.0g)Melting Point220C cxC (w/ out water)105C (w/ water)70CDiscussionThe portion recovery of Benzoic Acid is charge above 100%. This indicates that an error was performed during the experiment. Phthalic Acid melted just 20C less than the standard melting point for Phthalic Acid. Naphthalene melted 10C less and Benzoic Acid also did non reach the standard melting point. Reasons for a low percent Recovery for Phthalic Acid and Naphthalene is probably because not all of the solid were collected when filtered out.Reasons for Benzoic Acid being over 100 % is probabl y because at that place was an excess of solute and it was not filtered out correctly. endTo conclude, the experiment was successful in creating crystals and removing them from impurities. entirely fault was not taking out enough of the crystals to get the right percent recovery. The techniques for recrystallization can be used for any(prenominal) chemicals as long as in that respect is a solvent that it can melt with and it is an impure compound.ReferencesWeldegirma, Solomon. Laboratory Manual CHM 2210L and CHM 2211L. Tampa chemistry Department, 2014. Print. Phthalic Acid Msds. Science Lab. N.P., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2014 Recrystallization Technique. www.rhodium.ws. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2014.

Lolita Response Paper

Carleigh Craparo 12. 3. 12 English Lolita can be pull backd as a controversial book that can invite out the readers in and cause them to feel harmonized towards a piece of music who is a murderer, pedophile, predator, and an egomaniac. The author, Vladimir Nabokov, seduced the readers minds with numerous elements about Humbert to throw out of kilter them from his true criminal tendencies. Humbert is the main character of Lolita and describes his emotional state story from an American jail cell. He begins to describe his childhood and how he was struck by his head start love bidd Annabel Leigh.They were deeply attracted to bingle another and move to make love for the graduation metre, however, they are break up and never cap up to(p) to follow by because Annabel died shortly afterwards. end-to-end the novel, Humbert attempts to recreate his medieval and therefore a psychotic obsession follows. Humbert is a sympathetic pedophile that is trapped in his own self-delus ion. He is able to counterfeit the readers by capturing them with his eloquent composition style, trade looks, erectification, and an array of attempts to get the reader to see through his eyes with his skewed perspective.Vladimirs style of penning in truthly stuck out to many another(prenominal) readers at the time it was published. Humbert mainly writes in long sentences and uses elegant speech to transpose the readers feelings towards his lustful desire. Humbert was raised by a multicultural father who gave Humbert the readiness to become multilingual and have an impressive education. He feeds the readers minds with fancy speech such as etiolated, sartorial, truculently, Lucerne, platitudinous, or even neuralgic. Humbert is able to distract the reader from the evil in his thoughts by using his literary illusions, ornate style, and multilingual puns.Also, Vladimir creatively uses anagrams throughout his writing such as a characters name is Vivian Darkbloom, which corr elates with the authors name Vladimir Nabokov. The words and phrases he uses foreshadow the storyline. For example, the name Dolores, which is Lolitas real name, means sorrow and grief in Latin. While, Lolita, (the name Humbert made up) sounds light, playful, and suggestive. Humbert changing Doloress name shows that he dehumanizes her and created a fantasy of her in his head. Ment onlyy, he already separated her from the normal childhood she needed and fantasized of a fake realm.Also, the author creates many visual scenes like in the book when he was recalling a obtain trip, Lifesize plastic figures of snug-nosed children with dun-colored, greenish, brown-dotted, faunish faces floated around me. I know I was the only shopper in that rather supernatural place where I moved about fishlike, in a glaucous aquarium. I sensed inappropriate thoughts. His style in writing connects the readers so intensely with Humbert so they can feel his emotions to end up having emotional empathy. H umbert was a man that was fascinated not only with nymphettes, exclusively similarly his charming outwards appearance.Even though Humbert Humbert is a narcissist man, he has a long history of women lusting after him. It all began with his beloved Annabel, and then to his first wife Valeria, then onto Charlotte, Lolita Jean Farlow, and lastly Rita. All of these women became entranced by Humberts clean-cut jaw, muscular hand, deep laboured voice, broad shoulder. not only were many women falling for Humberts looks, but also Humbert himself. He was very aware of his appearance and even regularises I was, and still am, despite mes malheurs, an exceptionally handsome virile slow-moving, tall, with soft dark hair and a sinister but all the more seductive trudge of demeanor.Humbert is a very egotistical man and compliments his outward appearances to balance his inner guilt. He is able to charm the readers by distracting them with his likable attractiveness. Not only does Humbert Hum bert manipulate the auditory modality with his writing style, congruous English background, and physical features, but he also justifies his actions. He desperately attempts for the readers to understand his shameful past and makes excuses for the actions he made. He is an unreliable narrator and seldom reveals how the scenes truly play out.Humbert gives the story in a biased manner and is overwhelmed in his self-delusion. He is unendingly looking for sympathy and wants the reader to be as perverse as he is. Many say that he battles between beauty and lust. He pretends that he is appreciating beauty and completely voids his ethics and morals. Sadly, lust last wins and he overtakes Lolitas sinlessness. Again, Humbert blames Quilty for taking Lolitas innocence when it was truly Humbert himself. He somewhat understands his actions were wrong when he begins to express regret, ReaderWhat I heard was but the melody of children at play, nothing but that, and so limpid was the air with in this vapor of intermingle voices, majestic and minute, remote and magically near, frank and divinely enigmaticone could hear now and then, as if released, an almost articulate spurt of vivid gag I stood listening to that musical vibration from my imposing slope and then I knew that the hopelessly touching thing was not Lolitas absence from my side, but the absence of her voice from that concord Humbert is an evil man that provide not accept his pedophiliac nature.Lolita quickly had her mother, innocence, and rights taken from her when Humbert walked into her life. Humbert likes to cay Lolita as a young girl incorrect with him because his looks resembled that of a famous celebrity she had a tucker on. However, he rarely goes into depth on Lolitas thoughts and emotions and completely dismisses them. He immediately believes this street swank girl feels the exact same right smart he does.Not only does Humbert try to twist that Lolita feels the same way as Humbert feels, but he also manipulates the readers to telephone that Lolita has full mark off over the relationship. If it wasnt for Humbert devilishly obsessing over Lolita, her mother Charlotte, would not run international frantically from finding out about Humberts true dark feelings for Lolita. Charlotte is instantly killed by a car and Humbert truly has no guilt whatever for her death but feels relieved instead. Humbert then is able to take full obligate of Lolitas life and belongings.Humbert is forever and a day bribing Lolita for sexual favors and strips her away from having any granting immunity at school such as talking to boys. They travel across the country and Lolita ripped away from having anything weedy to a normal life. Humbert is proven to be a manipulator and controller because of his behavior in the past. Throughout his childhood, he had control over his life after his mothers death. He is able to manipulate Lolita by being in full control of the money and tells her that she has nowhere to go if she attempts to leave him.She had no other alternative but to fall to somebody else to escape the trap that Humbert put on Lolita. Humbert is able to make the audience see that he is just a man that cant control his lust and love for a girl when she is constantly throwing herself at him. However, that may not be the cutting and by him becoming more and more unequivocal of Lolita, he is losing less control of himself. Overall, Humbert is a sympathetic pedophile constantly lurking for others to understand his feelings or he may animadvert that people just think and feel as he does.He uses numerous techniques to ginger nut his victims and get them to be controlled or manipulated. When the book was first published, many did not see the art to Nabakovs book and completely dismissed it as fully grown and innapropriate. However, Nabakov took a dark storyline and got the readers to become one with the villain. Even Nabakov says Humbert is a monster of incuriosi ty and a narcissistic and cruel wretch. Nabakov is able to get the audience to feel sympathetic for him and seduce the readers with his memoirs. He uses